Which of the following is NOT an element for achieving over-match?

The correct choice pertains to the concept of over-match in military operations, which is defined as the ability to achieve superiority over an enemy in various critical areas. Over-match can be attained through several key elements, including precise engagement, rapid response time, and effective target identification.

Heavy artillery support, while beneficial in certain scenarios, is not a fundamental element of achieving over-match. Over-match primarily relies on the ability to decisively engage the enemy through precision, speed, and effective intelligence rather than the reliance on heavy artillery or any specific type of weaponry. The focus of over-match is on the combination of speed, accuracy, and situational awareness to outmaneuver and overwhelm the adversary.

In contrast, precise engagement ensures that targets are hit accurately to maximize operational effectiveness. Rapid response time allows forces to react quickly to changing situations or threats, maintaining the initiative. Target identification provides the necessary information to engage effectively, determining friend from foe and ensuring resources are allocated correctly. All these factors contribute directly to establishing and maintaining an over-match in combat situations, while heavy artillery support, while advantageous, does not directly relate to the fundamental principles of achieving it.